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Paris was founded as a small settlement on the left bank of the River Seine. It was declared a capital city in 987. Paris has remained the capital city throughout the long history of France. The crowning of Philip II, who was in power from 1180 to 1223, was the beginning of the best periods in the history of Paris. The construction of the Louvre started, the University was founded in 1215 and the Cathedral of Paris was under construction.
There are many historical monuments, buildings and bridges crossing the River Seine. One is the Alexander III bridge, built in 1900, named after Alexander III whose son, Nicholas II, opened the bridge.
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